China’s Message to Its Rivals: You Need What We Make
It’s not just rare earths. China is making it harder for other countries to shed their dependence on its solar, drone and drugmaking technology.

TL;DR
- China is tightening export controls on key technologies such as tunnel-boring machines, drones, artificial intelligence models, and advanced medicine/solar panel development processes.
- Tunnel-boring machines, manufactured primarily in China, are essential for infrastructure projects, including those for military purposes in India.
- These restrictions could hinder the ability of companies in the US and elsewhere to establish competing solar energy equipment factories.
- The strategy aims to make Chinese factories indispensable globally, despite international efforts to reduce dependence on China.