Researchers try to cut the genetic code from 20 to 19 amino acids
Using AI tools, the team reworked part of the ribosome to need one less amino acid.
TL;DR
- Scientists aimed to remove the amino acid isoleucine from the genetic code, testing if life could function with only 19 amino acids.
- AI-based protein design software was crucial in redesigning proteins to operate without isoleucine.
- A modified isoleucine-free small ribosomal subunit was created, enabling cell survival and growth, albeit at a reduced rate.
- The 'rplW' gene was identified as a critical bottleneck in the process, requiring brute-force testing of multiple amino acid combinations.
- The study highlights the power of AI in biological engineering but also points out the limitations in understanding the AI's decision-making process.
- While an achievement, the practical utility and implications for understanding primordial life are still uncertain.