Don’t be fooled—LLMs don’t reason

Ten years after AlphaGo’s match against Go champion Lee Sedol, today’s AI still isn’t tapping into the machinery that made that win possible.

Don’t be fooled—LLMs don’t reason

TL;DR

  • AlphaGo's win against Lee Sedol was attributed to its reasoning capabilities, not just computational power, enabling creative moves.
  • Modern AI, like LLMs, operates mainly on 'system 1' intuition (fast, associative), lacking 'system 2' deliberation (slow, step-by-step reasoning).
  • LLMs' 'chain of thought' process is an iterated 'system 1' prediction, not genuine separate reasoning, and can be concocted after the fact.
  • Trustworthy AI for critical applications requires explicit, persistent, and inspectable epistemic states, and a clear separation between knowledge and reasoning.
  • A new approach to AI reasoning is needed, inspired by AlphaGo's architecture, which maintains and updates a game tree or similar epistemic state to ensure auditable conclusions.
  • This advanced AI would function like the scientific method, accumulating certified knowledge through evidence-based belief revision.